COVER STORY (July 1999)
The West Indian Manatee
The West Indian manatee is an aquatic
mammal that can grow as large as 13 feet long and weight on average
1,000lbs. They are gentle, slow-moving creatures that inhabit the
shallow waters of Florida during the winter months. As the hotter
months reach Florida, the manatees tend to spread out and can be
found as far West as Louisiana, and as far North as Virginia and
the Carolinas. Their gentle and playful ways attract visitors from
all over the world, who have enjoyed watching and swimming with
theses odd looking, but rather unknown creatures. The manatee is
often lovingly referred to as sea-cows because, like deer or cows,
they are herbivores and graze their food. On a daily bases they
consume approximately 100-150lbs of vegetation. That's about 10-15%
of their body weight! They have large, seal-like bodies that taper
to a powerful tail. Their two forelimbs--complete with toenails--act
look and act like arms, enabling them to feed. Despite their appearance
as fat, sluggish mammals, the manatee's body is mostly composed
of muscle and intestine. This lack of fat makes them unable to live
in cold water temperatures. Like humans, they breath air in through
the nostrils on their noses, but unlike humans, their lungs extend
the length of their body cavity, allowing them to remain submerged
for up to 20 minutes.
The manatee can live as long as 60 years, but as they are slow
breeders, there are approximately only 2,600 West Indian manatees
left in the United States today. Despite the fact that they share
the same waters as alligators and sharks, the manatee have no natural
predators. Premature deaths occur mostly by the careless hand of
man; motorboat accidents, canal locks, fish hooks, liter and monofiliment
line, entanglement in crab traps, and vandalism are the primary
causes. Luckily, awareness of the manatees has been raised over
the years and there has been a concentrated effort by many counties
in Florida to conserve and rescue these playful creatures, while
educating the public to its responsibility to protect them.
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